Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008) - Coral Sea Islands (2005)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008) z Coral Sea Islands (2005)

	Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008)	Coral Sea Islands (2005)

Area	total: 5 sq km land: 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island	total: less than 3 sq km land: less than 3 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes numerous small islands and reefs scattered over a sea area of about 780,000 sq km, with the Willis Islets the most important
Area - comparative	about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	NA
Background	These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve.	Scattered over some 1 million square kilometers of ocean, the Coral Sea Islands were declared a territory of Australia in 1969. They are uninhabited except for a small meteorological staff on the Willis Islets. Automated weather stations, beacons, and a lighthouse occupy many other islands and reefs.
Climate	tropical	tropical
Coastline	74.1 km	3,095 km
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands	conventional long form: Coral Sea Islands Territory conventional short form: Coral Sea Islands
Dependency status	territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Attorney-General's Department	territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international	Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to these islands; Australia closed parts of the Ashmore and Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and placed restrictions on certain catches	none
Economy - overview	no economic activity	no economic activity
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 3 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Cato Island 6 m
Environment - current issues	NA	no permanent fresh water resources
Executive branch	-	administered from Canberra by the Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories
Flag description	the flag of Australia is used	the flag of Australia is used
Geographic coordinates	12 14 S, 123 05 E	18 00 S, 152 00 E
Geography - note	Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983	important nesting area for birds and turtles
Irrigated land	0 sq km	0 sq km
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2005)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (mostly grass or scrub cover) (2001)
Legal system	the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply	the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply
Location	Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island	Oceania, islands in the Coral Sea, northeast of Australia
Map references	Southeast Asia	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force	defense is the responsibility of Australia; visited regularly by the Royal Australian Navy; Australia has control over the activities of visitors
Natural hazards	surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards	occasional tropical cyclones
Natural resources	fish	NEGL
People - note	the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem	-
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island	no indigenous inhabitants note: there is a staff of three to four at the meteorological station (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	none; offshore anchorage only
Terrain	low with sand and coral	sand and coral reefs and islands (or cays)

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